Surabaya (formerly Soerabaja) is Indonesia's second-largest city, and the capital of the province of East Java. It is located on the northern shore of eastern Java at the mouth of the Mas River (Kali Mas), at 7°14′S 112°44′E. The city is one of the busiest ports in the country. Its principal exports include sugar, tobacco and coffee. It has a large shipyard, and numerous specialised naval schools. Surabaya derives its name from the words "sura" (shark) and "baya" (crocodile), which have been told in local myth fighting each other in order to gain the title "the strongest and most powerful animal in the area". Now the two animals have been used as the city's logo, along with the city's monument. Contents 1 History 2 The City 3 Education 4 Communication 5 External links History Map of Surabaya from an 1897 English travel guide In the fifteenth and sixteenth century, Surabaya was a sultanate and a major political and military power in eastern Java. Surabaya became a major trading center under the Dutch colonial government, and hosted the largest naval base in the colony. In 1917 a revolt occurred amongst the soldiers and sailors of Surabaya, led by the Indies Social Democratic Association. The revolt was firmly crushed and the insurgents given harsh sentences. Surabaya was captured by the Japanese in 1942, until the Allies bombed it in 1944. After that it was seized by Indonesian nationalists, then reoccupied by the Dutch in 1947. Because of prolonged international pressure, the Dutch agreed to transfer the sovereignty of its colony in August 1949. Surabaya was ultimately incorporated into the Republic of Indonesia in December 1949 and rebuilt. The City In her role as the main trading city in the eastern region of Indonesia, Surabaya has become one of the largest cities in south east Asia. Today, Surabaya's population is around three million. Surabaya's major suburbs include Lamongan at northwest, Gresik at west, Bangkalan at northeast, Sidoarjo at south, and Mojokerto and Jombang at southwest. Currently, the Indonesian government is building the Suramadu Bridge between Surabaya and the island of Madura; when completed, it will be the longest bridge in the country. Madura is currently accessed by a ferry service which frequently leaves from Surabaya's port, called Tanjung Perak (literally means: "Silver Cape" in Indonesian). Flooding is common on many areas of the city during rainy season, mostly caused by clogged sewers. Surabaya is the location of the only synagogue in Indonesia, although it is currently inactive. Surabaya's zoo is the first in the world to have successfully bred orangutans in captivity. Education Selective institutions of higher learning in Surabaya: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) — one of Indonesia's most selective institutes of technology, the other being the Institut Teknology Bandung (ITB). ITS is well-known for its programs in robotics, information technology, mechanical and material engineering, and marine engineering. ITS boasts many students from the eastern part of Indonesia. Universitas Airlangga (Unair) — the oldest and largest public university in Eastern Indonesia, the University has eleven faculties namely Medicine, Dentistry, Law, Economics, Pharmacy, Veterinary, Social and Political Sciences, Mathematics and Science, Public Health, Psychology, Literature, and the Faculty of Graduate Programmes Naval Military Academy— Surabaya is the most important naval base in eastern Indonesia, so that Surabaya becomes the location of the Indonesian military naval training academy Universitas Kristen Petra (Petra Christian University) Universitas Surabaya (Ubaya) Sekolah Tinggi Tehnik Surabaya Sunan Ampel Institute of Islam Religion Communication Newspaper Jawa Pos (Daily) Surya (Daily) Suara Pembaharuan (Daily) Berita Yudha (Daily) Republika (Daily) SKM Surabaya Minggu (Weekly) Kompas Media Nusantara Memorandum Tabloid Tabloid Oposisi Panjebar Semangat Radio FM SCFM ( Surabaya Cakra Awigra FM )[1] RRI (Radio Republik Indonesia) Mercury - FM 96 MHz Colors Radio - FM 87,6 MHz [2] Hard Rock - FM 89,8 MHz [3] Metro FeMale - FM 88,3 MHz [4] Global - FM 90,75 MHz MyRadio - FM 94,3 MHz DJFM [5] Merdeka - FM 106,70 MHz Istara - FM 100,9 MHz [6] EBS ( Era Bimasakti Selaras ) - FM 101,25 MHz Wijaya - FM 103,35 MHz Sonora - FM 97,75 MHz [7] Kosmonita - FM 88,65 MHz [8] El Victor - FM 93,9 MHz Ampel Denta - FM 91,45 MHz Suzana - FM 91,1 MHz Suara Surabaya - FM 100,55 MHz [9] MTB - FM 107,9 MHz Radio AM Camar - AM 1044 kHz LA Victor - AM 1242 kHz Yasmara - AM 1152 kHz Free-to-Air TV RCTI STCV Indosiar TPI ANTV JTV TVRI etc. External links Official Website of Surabaya City Travel guide to Surabaya from Wikitravel Satellite picture by Google Mapsid:Surabaya Search Term: "Surabaya" Categories: Cities in Indonesia | Coastal cities